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Last Updated on 18 Jan 2019

Author: Mario C.D. Paganini

CAPInv. 1967: ktenotrophoi Euhe(merias)

I. LOCATION

i. Geographical area Egypt
ii. Nome Arsinoites (00)
iii. Site Euhemeria

II. NAME

i. Full name (original language) κτηνοτρόφοι Εὐη(μερίας) (P.Ryl. II 183, ll. 10-11)
ii. Full name (transliterated) ktenotrophoi Euhe(merias)

III. DATE

i. Date(s) 1 - 16 AD

IV. NAME AND TERMINOLOGY

i. Name in other forms κτηνοτρόφοι ktenotrophoi (O.Fay. 14-15)
ii. Name elements
Geographical:Euhemeria
Professional:ktenotrophoi

V. SOURCES

i. Source(s) P.Ryl. II 183 (6 Aug AD 16)
O.Fay. 14 (9 Jun AD 1)
O.Fay. 15 (ca AD 1)
Note The same group may be also attested in: O.Fay. 16 (AD 1), O.Lund. 1 (AD 19), and O.Fay. 17 (14 May AD 35).
Online Resources P.Ryl. II 183 = TM 12960
O.Fay. 14 = TM 40858
O.Fay. 15 = TM 40859
O.Fay. 16 = TM 40860
O.Fay. 17 = TM 40861
O.Lund. 1 = TM 74865
i.a. Source type(s) Papyrological source(s)
i.b. Document(s) typology & language/script Greek orders for donkeys (O.Fay. 14-17 and O.Lund. 1) and a receipt for hay written by the secretary of the ktenotrophoi of Euhemeria (P.Ryl. II 183).
i.c. Physical format(s) Ostraca (O.Fay. 14-17 and O.Lund. 1) and papyrus (P.Ryl. II).

VI. BUILT AND VISUAL SPACE

ii. References to buildings/objects ὄνοι onoi, donkeys

VII. ORGANIZATION

iv. Officials γραμματεύς, grammateus: the mas was called Maron (O.Fay. 14-15, O.Lund. 1, and P.Ryl. II 183). Other secretaries are attested in the other texts: it is not certain that they referred to the ktenotrophoi.

VIII. PROPERTY AND POSSESSIONS

ii. Realty The members of the ktenotrophoi personally owned donkeys, which they may have managed communally.

IX. MEMBERSHIP

ii. Gender Men
Note Given the character of the membership and their dealings in the business of pack-animals for land transport (donkeys) it is likely that the members were men. The attested members (secretary) bore male names.
iii. Age Adults
Note Given the character of the membership and their dealings in the business of pack-animals for land transport (donkeys) it is likely that the members were adults.

XII. NOTES

i. Comments Adams (2007) 182–5 believes that the ktenotrophoi formed a loose cooperation ‘in the interest of expediency’ only.
iii. Bibliography Adams, C. (2007), Land Transport in Roman Egypt. A study of economics and administration in a Roman province, Oxford.

XIII. EVALUATION

i. Private association Possible
Note On the basis of the organisation by the group and their durability, it is possible that ktenotrophoi of Euhemeria formed an association. However, lack of specific terminology for association does not allow firmer conclusions. It is in fact possible that the ktenotrophoi only organised themselves as an ad hoc group for business ventures, rather than forming a proper association.