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Last Updated on 15 May 2019

Author: Benedikt Eckhardt

CAPInv. 503: to bennos Dios Brontotos

I. LOCATION

i. Geographical area Western Asia Minor
ii. Region Phrygia
iii. Site Nakoleia

II. NAME

i. Full name (original language) τὸ βέννος Διὸς Βροντῶτος (SEG 40: 1221, ll. 7-8)
ii. Full name (transliterated) to bennos Dios Brontotos

III. DATE

i. Date(s) 212 - iii AD

IV. NAME AND TERMINOLOGY

ii. Name elements
Theophoric:Zeus Bronton
iii. Descriptive terms βέννος, bennos
Note bennos: SEG 40: 1221, l. 7

V. SOURCES

i. Source(s) SEG 40: 1221 (212 - iii AD)
Online Resources SEG 40: 1221
i.a. Source type(s) Epigraphic source(s)
i.b. Document(s) typology & language/script Honorific/dedicatory inscription, greek
i.c. Physical format(s) Marble altar
ii. Source(s) provenance Musalar Köyü

X. ACTIVITIES

Deities worshipped Zeus Bronton
iv. Honours/Other activities The bennos is "crowned" (ἐστεφάνωσαν, estephanosan, ll. 6-7) by two inhabitants of the village of the Abouadeineitai.

XII. NOTES

i. Comments That the Phrygian term bennos (attested also in Bithynia) is a term for "cult association" (and not for "chariot" or "festival") has been argued by Drew-Bear and Naour 1990: 1956-61. 1987-91, and accepted by Schwabl 1999. In a number of cases, this is plausible. Yet, in atleast one case from Pisidian Antioch, do we find γείνεσθαι βέννος, geinesthai bennos which must mean a festival (cf. SEG 6: 550). In general, βέννος, bennos seems to have both meanings (and both are compatible with the existence of the word βεννάρχης, bennarches; Drew-Bear and Naour 1990: 1991 see this as evidence for associations, but cf. a word like πανηγυριάρχης, panegyriarches. For the CAPInv., only those inscriptions have been included that mention the term βέννος, bennos (not just Zeus Bennios, a βεννάρχης, bennarches, or the verb βεννεύειν, benneuein).
iii. Bibliography Drew-Bear, Th., and Naour, Chr. (1990), ‘Divinités de Phrygie’, ANRW II.18.3: 1907-2044.
Schwabl, H. (1999), ‘Zum Kult des Zeus in Kleinasien (II). Der phrygische Zeus Bennios und Verwandtes’, AAntHung 39: 345-54.

XIII. EVALUATION

i. Private association Probable
Note On the term bennos and its implications for the nature of the group, see comments above.
ii. Historical authenticity Certain