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Last Updated on 09 Jul 2019

Author: Maria Paz de Hoz

CAPInv. 817: hoi mystai Apollonos Pleurenou

I. LOCATION

i. Geographical area Western Asia Minor
ii. Region Lydia
iii. Site Sardeis

II. NAME

i. Full name (original language) οἱ μύσται Ἀπόλλωνος Πλευρενοῦ (SEG 32: 1237, ll. 3-4)
ii. Full name (transliterated) hoi mystai Apollonos Pleurenou

III. DATE

i. Date(s) ii - i BC

IV. NAME AND TERMINOLOGY

ii. Name elements
Cultic:the term mystai has cultic implication
Theophoric:Apollon Pleurenos

V. SOURCES

i. Source(s) SEG 32: 1237 (ii BC)
de Hoz 1999: 5.26a (ii BC)
de Hoz 1999: 5.26b (i BC)
Note See also:
SEG 32: 1237:
de Hoz 1999: 5.26
i.a. Source type(s) Epigraphic source(s)
i.b. Document(s) typology & language/script de Hoz 1999: 5.26: honorific inscription; 5.26a: cult command; 5.26b: Ex voto. Greek.
i.c. Physical format(s) Stele with pediment; de Hoz 1999: 5.26a with representation of an olive branch on the pediment.
ii. Source(s) provenance Kemerdamlari (Sardeis)
de Hoz 1999: 5.26a and b now in Bergama Museum

VI. BUILT AND VISUAL SPACE

ii. References to buildings/objects Reference to a sanctuary and to a stele (de Hoz 1999: 5.26a)

VII. ORGANIZATION

ii. Leadership The priest of the cult (attested in all three inscription) is probably a member of the association and has the leadership. The priestship was probably hereditary, since all attested cases have Kadoas either as name or as patronym.
iii. Members mystai
ix. Privileges The mystai and the priest had the privilege of having their names inscribed on a marble stele (de Hoz 1999: 5.26a)

VIII. PROPERTY AND POSSESSIONS

iii. Income In SEG 32: 1237, ll. 5-6 (de Hoz 1999: 5.26) an ἐπὶ ἱερῶν προσόδων, epi hieron prosodon (person responsible for the sacred revenues) is attested. He was probably a royal official of the Attalids at Pergamon. Cf. Malay and Nalbantoglu 1996: 79.

IX. MEMBERSHIP

i. Number de Hoz 1999: 5.26: at least 18 mystai and the priest (?)
de Hoz 1999: 5.26a: at least two mystai besides the priest
de Hoz 1999: 5.26b: at least 37 mystai besides the priest
ii. Gender Men
Note There is no woman attested in any of the three inscriptions.

X. ACTIVITIES

iii. Worship de Hoz 1999: 5.26b is an ex-voto.
Deities worshipped Apollon Pleurenos
iv. Honours/Other activities SEG 32: 1237 (de Hoz 1999: 5.26) is an honorific inscription to the ἐπὶ ἱερῶν προσόδων, epi hieron prosodon (responsible for the sacred revenues) for being nice and good to the association.

XI. INTERACTION

ii. Interaction abroad The ἀρχιερεύς (archiereus) of the cult (de Hoz 1999: 5.26, 5.26a) was probably the chief priest of the royal cult of the Attalids.
The οἰκονόμος (οikonomos) attested in de Hoz 1999: 5.26a, l. 14, was probably a royal official responsible for the royal land as well as for the sanctuaries.
Both offices, unparalleled for the Attalid period, were probably adopted by the Attalids from the Seleucid administration. In the 2nd century B.C. the sanctuary of Apollon Pleurenos seems to have been under the direct control of the royal administration. Cf. Malay and Nalbantoglu 1996: 78-9.

XII. NOTES

iii. Bibliography de Hoz, M.-P. (1999), Die Lydischen Kulte im Lichte der griechischen Inschriften. Bonn: nos. 5.26, 5.26a and 5.26b.
Herrmann, P. (1996), ‘Mystenvereine in Sardeis’, Chiron 26: 315-48, esp. 318-21.
Malay, H., and Nalbantoglu, C. (1996), ‘The cult of Apollon Pleurenos in Lydia’, Arkeoloji Dergisi IV. Izmir: 75-9. and 79-81, no. 2, pl. XVII.
Robert, L. (1982), ‘Documents d'Asie Mineure’, BCH 106.1: 309-78, esp. 361-7.



XIII. EVALUATION

i. Private association Certain
Note The terminology used is indicative of a private cultic association.